This paper is an introduction to the recognition of the cultural and social life of Arab tribes of Iraq, as one the most important constituent elements of demographic composition of this country, which has not experienced much changes despite the passage of many centuries. The main problem of the paper is about the cultural - social life of the tribe and its constituent units as a factor in the continuity and sustainability of the tribe identity by the default that some of Iraqi tribal customs are rooted in Arabian peninsula as the origin of the continuous migration of those tribes, that the passage of time also has not resulted to the removal of those customs. It should be noted that the adherence to the tribal structure has been continued in the life of Iraqi Arab tribes despite the many changes occurred in this country. The research achievements beside recognition of the Iraqi tribes’ cultural - social relations during 17-19 centuries, noted that the contemporary government of Iraq has been established and consolidated with such a tribal context. Paying attention to this matter will be very helpful to understand the function of Iraqi government.