.Education in Sistan until the Qajar period was based on the traditional school style (Maktabḵāneh). However, with the developments of this period, it 
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changed and new schools established in this area. The quality of developments in the education system in Sistan, especially in the transition from the Qajar to the Pahlavi period, is an issue that needs to be discussed. This article tries to answer the question with a descriptive-analytical approach and in a "documentary method" that what factors were influential in the formation and development of new schools in Sistan? It is assumed that the administration of Sistan under the supervision of Shawkat al-Molk, caused the transformation of the educational system in this region. This study shows that some operators of the traditional educational system such as teachers of seminaries and old traditional schools (Maktaḵānehhā) initially opposed the new educational system of Sistan. However, over time, new schools were formed in this area and, and due to the patternability from schools such as Shawkatīyeh in Birjand, enjoyed government support during the Pahlavi period.