Analysis of the mechanisms and actions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in replacing the economic teachings of Islam:  The new institutional approach

Bakhtiari, Zahra; Bakhtiari, Shahla; Raghfar, Hossein

doi:10.22034/chs.2024.202827

Analysis of the mechanisms and actions of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in replacing the economic teachings of Islam: The new institutional approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Zahra Bakhtiari ¹

Shahla Bakhtiari ²

Hossein Raghfar ³

¹ PhD Graduated in Islamic History, Faculty of Literature, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

² Associate Professor Department of History, Faculty of Literature, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

³ professor, Department of Social Science, Faculty of Social Science and Economics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22034/chs.2024.202827

Abstract

Examining the historical evidence and clues shows that despite the various economic behaviors and transactions in the pre-Islamic Arab society; the mentioned society did not have the necessary economic health and had provided the grounds for two strata - rich and poor. This had pushed the society away from the economic balance. On the other hand, the approach of Sira Nabawiyya to provide a correct model of economy required to present, define and effort to replace economic teachings based on Islamic principles instead of principles and behaviors derived from Jahiliyyah thought. The present research tries to use the method of thematic analysis and also by using the existing definitions in the new institutionalism approach in economics to achieve the shape and general logic of the prophet's actions in the direction of changing and aligning the attitude and behavior of people and finally, institutionalizing the economic teachings of Islam, and answer the question that how did the Prophet (PBUH) change the attitude and behavior based on the Jahiliyyah system regarding economic issues to the Islamic attitude and behavior? The conducted research shows that the Prophet (PBUH) after proposing and replacing the most important foundations of Islamic thought, such as monotheism and resurrection, which acted as strong drivers and inhibitors according to the conditions, instead of the foundations of common thought in the Arab society of that day, such as polytheism, idolatry and denial of resurrection; by planning the economic teachings of Islam in the form of official institutions such as the ownership institution and the harmless institution, as well as informal institutions such as the contract institution, as well as using executive capacities such as using the capacity of the mosque institution and monitoring the executive system, tried to change, coordinate and align attitudes and The behavior of the people with the economic attitude and behavior of Islam. This, in the form of an institutional structure, can play an effective role in establishing the basic actions and functions of the Islamic economy in the Islamic society.

Keywords

The Holy Prophet (PBUH)

the economic attitude and behavior of Islam

the economic attitude and behavior based on the Jahili system

the method of theme analysis

The Holy Quran

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