The effect of popular culture and traditions on the architecture of Safavid and Ottoman bathhouses

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Researcher, Department of Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

Abstract
Throughout history, historical structures have played a significant role in identifying the culture and customs of various civilizations. Among these structures, bathhouses were spaces with diverse functions that had a profound impact on understanding the culture and architecture of different eras. Therefore, examining the architecture of bathhouses seems to reflect the extent to which popular culture and traditions influenced the formation of these structures, and the significance of the present study lies in exploring this topic. In this regard, it can be stated that since the Safavid period was the most brilliant era in the history of the Iranian architecture, and alongside this grandeur, the design and construction of bathhouses reached their peak, and on the other hand, given that the Ottomans shared many religious and ritual commonalities with the Safavid Iran, the authors of this article, using a historical-interpretive method, examined the bilateral relationship between the architecture of Safavid and Ottoman bathhouses and the influence of popular culture and traditions on them. Accordingly, the following questions were addressed: How did culture and popular traditions influence the architecture of Safavid and Ottoman bathhouses? What differences and similarities exist between Safavid and Ottoman bathhouse architectures in terms of the influence of popular culture and traditions? The findings indicate that in the Ottoman Empire, the cultural focus was primarily on the spatial arrangement of the men's and women's sections, whereas in the Safavid Empire, religious considerations took precedence over the spatial and structural layout of the bathhouses and the spatial organization and decorations were more aligned with addressing the spiritual needs of humans.

Keywords


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Volume 16, Issue 61
Autumn 2024
Autumn 2024
Pages 1-32

  • Receive Date 12 January 2025
  • Revise Date 01 March 2025
  • Accept Date 18 March 2025
  • Publish Date 21 November 2024